Zirconium

About Zirconium Metal (Zr) and Zirconium Alloys

Zirconium (Zr) is a highly corrosion resistant metal that is us used for many products for specialized chemical environments (primarily acetic and hydrochloric acids). Some include pumps, valves, maombi ya nyuklia, usindikaji wa kemikali, vyombo vya reactor, kubadilishana joto na zaidi. The nuclear power industry uses nearly 90% ya zirconium zinazozalishwa kila mwaka. Zirconium is also used as an alloying agent in steel, to make some types of surgical equipment and as a getter, a material that combines with and removes trace gases form vacuum tubes. Zirconium metal is weldable and formable.

Zirconium 702 offers excellent corrosion protection with resistance to stress-corrosion cracking and crevice corrosion. It’s often used for chemical processing. Alloyed with 2 kwa 3 percent Columbium, zirconium 705 is significantly stronger and more ductile than zirconium 702 with almost equal corrosion resistance, making it the alloy of choice for most zirconium fasteners. In addition to resisting HCl at all concentrations and at temperatures above the boiling temperature, zirconium and its alloys also have excellent resistance in sulfuric acid at temperatures above boiling and concentrations to 70%. Corrosion rate in nitric acid is less than 1 mil/year at temperatures above boiling and concentrations to 90%. The metals also resist most organics such as acetic acid and acetic anhydride as well as citric, lactic, tartaric, oxalic, tannic, and chlorinated organic acids. Metali chache kando na zirconium zinaweza kutumika katika michakato ya kemikali inayohitaji mguso mwingine wa asidi kali na alkali.. Walakini, zirconium haina upinzani dhidi ya asidi hidrofloriki na inashambuliwa haraka, hata katika viwango vya chini sana. Kuna 4 aina ya zirconium alloyed sugu katika sekta ya kemikali: Zr702, Zr704, Zr705 na Zr706, kuomba kwa kemikali tofauti kati na hali. Upinzani wa kutu wa aloi nne za zirconium ni sawa, lakini mali zao za mitambo ni tofauti sana. Nguvu ya mkazo ya Zr705 ni mara mbili ya Zr702. Kawaida Zr705 hutumiwa katika vifaa vya kemikali ambavyo vina mahitaji ya juu ya nguvu. Lakini katika asidi ya sulfuriki iliyo na FeCl3, Mali ya kustahimili kutu ya Zr702 na Zr704 ni bora kuliko Zr705 na Zr706. Zr706 ina nguvu ya kutosha na urefu wa juu na kawaida hutumika kutengeneza kibadilishaji joto.

Zirconium is also highly resistant to heat and corrosion, and it also forms many useful compounds and alloys. These strengths make it an ideal component for nuclear reactions, and it is also used in laboratory equipment, metallurgy and surgical appliances. Jet engines and gas turbines may also use zirconium and zirconium alloys to prevent metals from warping due to high heat exposure. Zirconium (ishara ya atomiki: Zr, nambari ya atomiki: 40) ni Kitalu D, Kikundi 4, Kipindi 5 kipengee chenye uzani wa atomiki ya 91.224. Zirconium Bohr ModelThe number of electrons in each of Zirconium’s shells is 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 na usanidi wake wa elektroni ni [Kr] 4d2 5s2. The zirconium atom has a radius of 160 jioni na eneo la Van der Waals la 186 jioni. Zirconium was discovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1789 and first isolated by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in 1824. Katika hali yake ya kimsingi, zirconium has a silvery white appearance that is similar to titanium.

Zirconium’s principal mineral is zircon (zirconium silicate). Elemental Zirconium is commercially produced as a byproduct of titanium and tin mining and has many applications as a opacifier and a refractory material. It is not found in nature as a free element. The name of zirconium comes from the mineral zircon, the most important source of zirconium, and from the Persian wordzargun, meaning gold-like.