Zirkonium

About Zirconium Metal (Zr) and Zirconium Alloys

Zirkonium (Zr) is a highly corrosion resistant metal that is us used for many products for specialized chemical environments (primarily acetic and hydrochloric acids). Some include pumps, klep, aplikasi nuklir, pangolahan kimia, prau reaktor, penukar panas lan liya-liyane. The nuclear power industry uses nearly 90% zirconium sing diprodhuksi saben taun. Zirconium is also used as an alloying agent in steel, to make some types of surgical equipment and as a getter, a material that combines with and removes trace gases form vacuum tubes. Zirconium metal is weldable and formable.

Zirkonium 702 offers excellent corrosion protection with resistance to stress-corrosion cracking and crevice corrosion. It’s often used for chemical processing. Alloyed with 2 kanggo 3 percent Columbium, zirkonium 705 is significantly stronger and more ductile than zirconium 702 with almost equal corrosion resistance, making it the alloy of choice for most zirconium fasteners. In addition to resisting HCl at all concentrations and at temperatures above the boiling temperature, zirconium and its alloys also have excellent resistance in sulfuric acid at temperatures above boiling and concentrations to 70%. Corrosion rate in nitric acid is less than 1 mil/year at temperatures above boiling and concentrations to 90%. The metals also resist most organics such as acetic acid and acetic anhydride as well as citric, lactic, tartaric, oxalic, tannic, and chlorinated organic acids. Relatif sawetara logam kajaba zirkonium bisa digunakake ing proses kimia sing mbutuhake kontak sulih karo asam kuwat lan alkali.. Nanging, zirkonium ora tahan marang asam hidrofluorat lan diserang kanthi cepet, malah ing konsentrasi banget kurang. Ana 4 jinis zirkonium alloyed tahan karat ing industri kimia: Zr702, Zr704, Zr705 lan Zr706, aplikasi kanggo medium kimia beda lan kondisi. Iki papat zirconium alloy kang karat resistance meh padha, nanging sifat mekanike beda banget. kekuatan tarik Zr705 punika kaping pindho saka Zr702. Biasane Zr705 digunakake ing peralatan kimia sing nduweni syarat sing luwih dhuwur kanggo intensitas. Nanging ing asam sulfat ngemot FeCl3, Sifat tahan karat Zr702 lan Zr704 luwih apik tinimbang Zr705 lan Zr706. Zr706 wis cukup kekuatan lan elongation dhuwur lan biasane digunakake ing nggawe exchanger panas.

Zirconium is also highly resistant to heat and corrosion, and it also forms many useful compounds and alloys. These strengths make it an ideal component for nuclear reactions, and it is also used in laboratory equipment, metallurgy and surgical appliances. Jet engines and gas turbines may also use zirconium and zirconium alloys to prevent metals from warping due to high heat exposure. Zirkonium (atomic symbol: Zr, atomic number: 40) is a Block D, Group 4, Period 5 element with an atomic weight of 91.224. Zirconium Bohr ModelThe number of electrons in each of Zirconium’s shells is 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 and its electron configuration is [Kr] 4d2 5s2. The zirconium atom has a radius of 160 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 186 pm. Zirconium was discovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1789 and first isolated by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in 1824. In its elemental form, zirconium has a silvery white appearance that is similar to titanium.

Zirconium’s principal mineral is zircon (zirconium silicate). Elemental Zirconium is commercially produced as a byproduct of titanium and tin mining and has many applications as a opacifier and a refractory material. It is not found in nature as a free element. The name of zirconium comes from the mineral zircon, the most important source of zirconium, and from the Persian wordzargun, meaning gold-like.